Iyini i-CRI kanye nendlela yokukhetha izinto zokukhanyisa?

I-Colour Rendering Index (CRI) iyindlela yamazwe ngamazwe ehlangene yokuchaza ukunikezwa kombala kwemithombo yokukhanya. Idizayinelwe ukunikeza ukuhlolwa komthamo okunembile kwezinga umbala wento engaphansi komthombo wokukhanya olinganisiwe ohambisana nombala owethulwe ngaphansi komthombo wokukhanya wereferensi. I-Commission internationale de l 'eclairage (CIE) ibeka inkomba yokunikeza umbala yokukhanya kwelanga ku-100, futhi inkomba yokunikeza umbala yamalambu e-incandescent isondelene kakhulu naleyo yokukhanya kwasemini ngakho-ke ithathwa njengomthombo wokukhanya ofanelekile.

I-CRI iyisici esibalulekile sokulinganisa amandla omthombo wokukhanya ukuze ukhiqize kabusha umbala wento. Inani eliphakeme le-CRI, amandla omthombo wokukhanya anamandla okubuyisela umbala wento, futhi kuba lula ngeso lomuntu ukuhlukanisa umbala wento.

I-CRI iyindlela yokulinganisa ukusebenza komthombo wokukhanya ekubonweni kombala uma kuqhathaniswa nomthombo wokukhanya ojwayelekile (njengokukhanya kwasemini). Kuyimethrikhi eyamukelwa kabanzi futhi okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuhlola nokubika ukunikezwa kombala komthombo wokukhanya. Ukunikezwa kombala ukuhlola kwekhwalithi okulinganisa izinga lapho umthombo wokukhanya wethula khona umbala wento, okungukuthi, ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kombala kungokoqobo kangakanani.
Ukunikezwa kombala Wokukhanya Okuphezulu (CRI≥90) kungaveza ukukhanya okuthambile, kunciphise ngempumelelo ukukhathala okubukwayo, kwenze insimu yombono icace futhi isithombe sibe nezinhlangothi ezintathu; ukulethela abasebenzisi ukunikezwa kombala ophezulu kanye nolwazi olulula lokukhanyisa kwangaphandle. Ukunikezwa kwemibala ephezulu kunemiphumela emihle yokukhiqiza imibala, futhi imibala esiyibonayo iseduze nemibala eyinhloko yemvelo (imibala ngaphansi kokukhanya kwelanga); ukunikezwa kombala ophansi kunokukhiqizwa kabusha kombala okubi, ngakho ukuchezuka kombala sikubona kukhudlwana.

Ungakhetha kanjani inkomba yokunikeza umbala/umbala uma uthenga izinto zokukhanyisa?

Lapho ukhetha ukuhunyushwa kombala, izimiso ezimbili ngokuvamile ziyalandelwa, okuyisimiso sokwethembeka kokuhunyushwa kombala kanye nesimiso sokuhunyushwa okuphumelelayo kombala.

(1) Umgomo othembekile wokunikeza umbala

Umgomo wokunikeza umbala othembekile usho ukuthi ukuze umele ngokunembile umbala wangempela wento, umthombo wokukhanya onenkomba enikeza umbala ophakeme udinga ukukhethwa. Kulokhu, ukukhetha kungenziwa ngokusekelwe kunani lika-Ra. Uma inani lika-Ra lilikhulu, izinga lokubuyiselwa lombala wokuqala wento liyanda. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene zinezidingo ezihlukile zokunikezwa okuthembekile kombala kwemithombo yokukhanya.

Ngokwezindawo ezisebenzayo ezihlukene, i-International Commission on Illumination (CIE) ihlukanisa inkomba yokunikeza imibala ngezigaba ezinhlanu:

(2) Isimiso sombala womthelela

Umgomo wokunikezwa kombala womthelela ukuthi ezigcawini ezithile ezifana namakhabethe wokubonisa umkhiqizo wenyama, ukuze kugqanyiswe imibala ethile futhi kuboniswe impilo enhle, inkomba ethile yokunikeza umbala idinga ukukhethwa. Ngesisekelo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi inani lika-Ra lihlangabezana nezimfuneko, inkomba ehambisanayo ekhethekile yokunikeza umbala iyakhuphuka ngokuya ngombala wento ekhanyisiwe.

Endaweni yokubukisa inyama yezitolo ezinkulu kanye nezitolo ezahlukahlukene, inkomba yokunikeza umbala engu-R9 yomthombo wokukhanyisa ibaluleke kakhulu, ngoba umbala wenyama ngokuvamile uchemile kokubomvu, futhi u-R9 ophakeme ungenza inyama yethule umphumela wokubukwa omusha nomnandi. .

Ezigcawini ezifana nezigaba zokusebenza nezitudiyo ezidinga ukukhiqizwa kabusha okunembile kwamathoni esikhumba, inkomba yokunikeza umbala engu-R15 yomthombo wokukhanya kufanele ihlangabezane nezinga eliphezulu.

NwebaKulwazi

Inkomba yokunikeza umbala wethiyori wezibani ze-incandescent yi-100. Kodwa-ke, empilweni, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezibani ze-incandescent ezinokusetshenziswa okuhlukile. Ngakho-ke, amanani abo ka-Ra awafani. Kungashiwo kuphela ukuthi kusondele ku-100, okubhekwa njengomthombo wokukhanya onokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokunikeza umbala. . Kodwa-ke, lolu hlobo lomthombo wokukhanya lusebenza kahle kakhulu ekukhanyeni futhi alunazo izinzuzo zokonga amandla nokuvikelwa kwemvelo. Ngokuphambene, nakuba izibani ze-LED zingaphansi kancane kunezibani ze-incandescent ngokusebenza kombala onikezayo, seziphenduke umthombo wokukhanya odume kakhulu ngenxa yezindawo zazo zokonga amandla nemvelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma umzimba womuntu uvezwa endaweni ekhanyayo enombala ompofu osebenza isikhathi eside, ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana e-cone iso lomuntu kuzokwehla kancane kancane, futhi ubuchopho bungase bugxile kakhulu ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho buhlonza izinto, ezingase zikwazi ukuncipha. kuholela kalula ekukhathaleni kwamehlo ngisho ne-myopia.

Inkomba yokunikeza umbala yemithombo yokukhanyisa ekilasini akumele ibe ngaphansi kuka-80. Inkomba yombala ophansi kakhulu wokukhanya kwekilasi kuzothinta ukubonwa okunembile kwamehlo omfundi kombala wezinto, okubangele ukuthi izinto zingakwazi ukwethula imibala yazo yangempela yoqobo. Uma lesi simo siqhubeka isikhathi eside, sizoholela ekwehleni nasekunciphiseni ikhono lokubandlulula ngemibala, okuzodala izinkinga ezinkulu zokubona kanye nezifo zamehlo kubafundi njengokungaboni umbala kanye nokuba buthakathaka kombala.

Inkomba yokunikeza umbala i-Ra>90 isetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa kwehhovisi, ukwaneliseka kwayo ngokubukeka kunganciphisa ukukhanya okungaphezu kuka-25% uma kuqhathaniswa nezindawo zokukhanyisa ezinezibani zenkomba ezinikeza umbala ophansi (Ra<60). Inkomba yokunikeza umbala nokukhanya komthombo wokukhanya ngokuhlanganyela kunquma ukucaca okubonakalayo kwendawo ezungezile, kunobudlelwano obulingene phakathi kokukhanya nenkomba yokunikeza umbala.