Yintoni i-CRI kunye nendlela yokukhetha izixhobo zokukhanyisa?

I-Colour Rendering Index (CRI) yindlela edityanisiweyo yehlabathi yokuchaza unikezelo lombala lwemithombo yokukhanya. Yenzelwe ukunika uvandlakanyo oluchanekileyo lobungakanani bomgangatho apho umbala wento ephantsi komthombo wokukhanya olinganisiweyo uhambelana nombala oboniswe phantsi komthombo wokukhanya wereferensi. I-Commission internationale de l 'eclairage (CIE) ibeka isalathisi sombala wokukhanya kwelanga kwi-100, kwaye isalathiso sombala wokunikezelwa kwezibane ze-incandescent sisondele kakhulu kwimini kwaye ngoko ithathwa njengomthombo wokukhanya ofanelekileyo wokulinganisa.

I-CRI yinto ebalulekileyo yokulinganisa amandla omthombo wokukhanya ukuvelisa kwakhona umbala wento. Ixabiso eliphezulu le-CRI, amandla anamandla omthombo wokukhanya ukubuyisela umbala wento, kwaye kulula ukuba iliso lomntu lihlukanise umbala wento.

I-CRI yindlela yokulinganisa ukusebenza komthombo wokukhanya ekuqaphelisweni kombala xa kuthelekiswa nomthombo wokukhanya oqhelekileyo (njengokukhanya kwemini). Yimetric eyamkelwe ngokubanzi kwaye ikuphela kwendlela yokuvavanya kunye nokuxela umbala wonikezelo lomthombo wokukhanya. Unikezelo lombala luvandlakanyo lomgangatho olinganisa iqondo apho umthombo wokukhanya ubonisa umbala wento, oko kukuthi, indlela yokwenene ukuzala kombala.
Ukunikezelwa kombala wokukhanya okuPhakamileyo (CRI≥90) kunokuvelisa ukukhanya okuthambileyo, ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukukhathala okubonakalayo, ukwenza intsimi yombono icace kwaye umfanekiso ube ne-dimensional emithathu; izisa abasebenzisi unikezelo lombala ophezulu kunye namava okukhanya angaphandle alula. Ukunikezelwa kombala ophezulu kunemiphumo emihle yokuvelisa umbala, kunye nemibala esiyibonayo isondele kwimibala ephambili yendalo (imibala phantsi kokukhanya kwelanga); Unikezelo lombala ophantsi luvelisa umbala ombi, ngoko ke imibala enxaxhileyo siyibona inkulu.

Ungakhetha njani isalathiso sombala/unikezelo lombala xa kuthengwa izixhobo zokukhanyisa?

Xa ukhetha ukutolika kombala, ngokuqhelekileyo kulandelwa imigaqo emibini, eyile, umgaqo othembekileyo wokuguqulelwa kombala nomgaqo osebenzayo wokuguqulela imibala.

(1) Umgaqo othembekileyo wonikezelo lombala

Umgaqo wokuguqulelwa ngokuthembekileyo kombala uthetha ukuba ukuze uwumele ngokuchanileyo umbala wantlandlolo wento, kufuneka kukhethwe umthombo wokukhanya onesalathiso sombala ophakamileyo. Kule meko, ukhetho lunokwenziwa ngokusekelwe kwixabiso likaRa. Ixabiso elikhulu le-Ra, inqanaba eliphezulu lokubuyisela umbala wento. Izicelo ezahlukeneyo zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo zonikezelo lombala oluthembekileyo lwemithombo yokukhanya.

Ngokweendawo ezahlukeneyo ezisebenzayo, iKomishoni yaMazwe ngaMazwe yokuKhanya (CIE) yahlula isalathiso sombala ngokweendidi ezintlanu:

(2) Umgaqo wombala wesiphumo

Umgaqo wonikezelo lombala wesiphumo kukuba kwimiboniso ethile efana neekhabhathi zokubonisa imveliso yenyama, ukuze kuqaqambise imibala ethile kunye nokubonisa ubomi obuhle, kufuneka kukhethwe isalathiso sombala othile. Ngesiseko sokuqinisekisa ukuba ixabiso le-Ra lihlangabezana neemfuno, isalathisi esihambelanayo esikhethekileyo sokunikezelwa kombala sandiswe ngokombala wento ekhanyisiweyo.

Kwindawo yokubonisa inyama kwiivenkile ezinkulu kunye neevenkile ezahlukeneyo, isalathiso sombala we-R9 womthombo wokukhanyisa sibaluleke kakhulu, kuba umbala wenyama uhlala uthambekele kubomvu, kwaye i-R9 ephezulu inokwenza ukuba inyama ibonise imbonakalo entsha nemnandi. .

Kwimiboniso efana nezigaba zokusebenza kunye nezitudiyo ezifuna ukuveliswa ngokuchanekileyo kweetoni zesikhumba, isalathisi sombala we-R15 womthombo wokukhanya kufuneka sihlangabezane nomgangatho ophezulu.

YandisaKulwazi

Inkcazo yenkcazo yombala wethiyori yezibane ze-incandescent yi-100. Nangona kunjalo, ebomini, kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezibane ze-incandescent kunye nokusetyenziswa okuhlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, ixabiso labo Ra azifani. Kunokuthiwa nje kufutshane ne-100, ethathwa njengomthombo wokukhanya kunye nowona msebenzi ubalaseleyo wokwenza umbala. . Nangona kunjalo, olu hlobo lomthombo wokukhanya lunokukhanya okuphantsi kokukhanya kwaye alunayo inzuzo yokonga amandla kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, nangona izibane ze-LED zingaphantsi kancinci kwizibane ze-incandescent ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni kombala, ziye zaba ngumthombo wokukhanya odumileyo ngenxa yokonga umbane kunye neempawu ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo.

Ukongeza, ukuba umzimba womntu ubonakaliswe kwindawo yokukhanyisa enombala ongemhle ixesha elide, ubuntununtunu beeseli ze-cone zeliso lomntu buya kuncipha ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye ingqondo inokugxila ngakumbi ngokungazikhetheli xa ichonga izinto, ezinokubakho. lula ukukhokelela ukudinwa kwamehlo nkqu myopia.

Isalathiso sombala wonikezelo lwemithombo yokukhanyisa eklasini akufunekanga sibe ngaphantsi kwama-80. Umbala ophantsi kakhulu wesalathiso sokukhanya kwegumbi lokufundela kuya kuchaphazela ukunakanwa kwamehlo abafundi ngokuchanekileyo kombala wezinto, kubangele ukuba izinto zingakwazi ukubonisa imibala yazo yoqobo. Ukuba le meko iqhubeka ixesha elide, oko kuya kukhokelela ekwehleni nasekunciphiseni amandla okucalucalulwa kombala, nto leyo eya kuthi ibangele iingxaki ezinzulu zombono kunye nezifo zamehlo kubafundi ezinjengobumfama bombala kunye nobuthathaka bombala.

Isalathisi sombala we-Ra> 90 isetyenziselwa ukukhanya kweofisi, ukwaneliseka kwayo kubonakala kunokunciphisa ukukhanya okungaphezulu kwe-25% xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zokukhanyisa ezinombala ophantsi wokukhanyisa isibane (Ra<60). Isalathiso sombala wonikezelo kunye nokukhanya komthombo wokukhanya ngokudibeneyo kuqinisekisa ukucaca okubonakalayo kokusingqongileyo, kukho ubudlelwane obulungeleleneyo phakathi kokukhanya kunye nesalathiso sombala.